A canon is a contrapuntal compositional technique that employs a melody with one or more imitations of the melody played after a given duration (e.g., quarter rest, one measure, etc.). The initial melody is called the leader (or dux ), while the imitative melody, which is played in a different voice, is called the follower (or comes ). Study of Pachelbel’s Canon in D and the link between the ground bass technique of the Renaissance period and today’s modern pop/rock riff lead to bass riff composition and finally backing track production using Garageband. 小小編曲家-運用《GarageBand》app裡的錄音功能,錄製11小節「卡農」音樂 Pagagnini - Pachelbel's Canon in D 分組進行11小節「卡農」音樂之錄製. Ordelore's Canon in D. Started by ordelore. 1 Replies 1965 Views. Another one of my music attempts. This time with GarageBand. Started by Spyro543. Angry Birds got me boring. This is what happened.
Piece of Music:
Title: Canon in D major
Composer: Johann Pachelbel
Topic:
Type of Music: Baroque Music
Course: Mandatory (Years 7-8)
Concepts and Composition Processes:
Structure and Pitch.
Pachelbel’s Canon in D serves as an excellent tool to introduce the terms “ostinato”, “riff”, “ground bass”, and “canon”. The aspects of pitch relating to harmony are also explored, with the suggested chords of the ground bass allowing for extension with regards to harmonising the major scale.
Teaching Activities:
Creativity/Composition:
Group work is most effective for this activity, as it allows students to experience the harmony created by multiple parts. The class is divided into groups of 4, with all students obtaining a pitched instrument that they are comfortable with (eg. guitar, bass guitar, glockenspiel, piano). The students are numbered 1 to 4, with number four taking the role of ground bass. Logically, it will be most effective if student 4 is playing an instrument capable of a fairly low register (eg. bass guitar, piano, cello). The students collaborate to create a 2 bar ground bass, and 3 simple melodic ostinatos, each with a length of 2 bars, all in the key of C major. The ground bass begins the composition, and following this, students decide when each part should enter or rest. Students experiment with which parts work “well” together, and decide on a final structure for their composition. They may choose to adopt a canonical structure, learning each other’s parts, or to introduce their parts in a different manner. An option for further extension is to adapt their 4 ostinati as loops in music software such as GarageBand or Acid, and experiment with assembling these ostinati in different ways to create different structures, and thus different applications of harmony, all still with ground bass.
Aural:
Showing the ground bass (below) while playing the piece will allow students with some knowledge of musical notation to follow along, and students with little/no knowledge of musical notation to begin recognising the correlation between pitch and the note placement on the stave.
A brief listening to Pachelbel’s Canon will lead to students commenting on the repetitive nature of the piece. Use The Ground Bass Game Worksheet (adaptation of a worksheet originally created by TES), and play the song once, allowing students to recognise that each block represents one repeat of the bass ostinato, and to place an ‘X’ in the corresponding box each time a new ostinato is introduced. Play a second time, allowing students to note the many variations taking place melodically, and also with regards to the other concepts of music.
As a fun listening exercise at the end of a lesson, watch the video below titled “Pachelbel Rant” by Rob Paravonian.
Musicology:
Students are to use the internet to investigate the history of Ground Bass, identifying the period it first appeared in, three composers who employed this technique, and why they think it was used commonly, writing their findings on their student web blog. They are then to express how repetitive patterns like those found in Pachelbel’s Canon might be found in today’s music, and to embed a link to a YouTube video of another song, of any era, with a repeated pattern.
Performance:
Allow students to rehearse the piece they composed in the ‘Creativity/Composition’ section, in their groups, developing ensemble awareness. Give the option of students performing on different instruments to the ones they composed on, if they feel that this will benefit the performance. Each group is to perform the composition in front of the class, with a brief class discussion after each performance. Encourage the other groups to identify the ground bass and evaluate the effectiveness of the other ostinati in creating a cohesive, melodic piece of music. Also encourage students to note similarities and differences between each group’s composition.
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